Academic Success Center

Critical Thinking

The obvious place to start discussing critical thinking is to talk about thinking itself. What is it? Can we get better at it?

There
are lots of ways of thinking about thinking!! Sometimes thinking is an
unconscious act. Have you ever solved a problem in your sleep? Have you
ever set a problem aside only to find that the solution presents itself
to you in the middle of a meeting? Thinking isn't always verbal.
Sometimes we think in images instead of words. What about your dreams?
Is that a form of thinking?

Vincent Ruggiero has developed a more formal definition for thinking that we can use in the context of academics. In The Art of Thinking,
he writes "Thinking is any mental activity that helps formulate or
solve a problem, make a decision, or fulfill a desire to understand. It
is a searching for answers, a reaching for meaning." He reminds us that
the mind engages in all sorts of processes in support of thinking:

• careful observation
• memorizing
• remembering
• wondering
• imagining
• inquiring
• evaluating
• judging

Can you get better at it? Yes, indeed you can.

• Be Aware.
  The best place to start is by being aware, by being thoughtful. You'll
  want to examine your own ideas about knowledge, truth, and opinion.
• Challenge Yourself. You'll want to challenge yourself, to push yourself in problem solving, in investigating, in identifying and defining.
• Be Critical.
  Don't think of criticism as a negative term. To be critical of
  something is to assess it in terms of strengths and weaknesses-it's not
  about tearing something apart!
• Communicate.
  Finally, you'll want to be able to articulate what you discover in the
  process of thinking thoughtfully about something. Communicating what
  you've discovered is essential.

In The Confident Student, Carol Kanar reminds us that critical thinking is not
passively taking in information. To be critical thinkers we must be
actively engaged in the process of making meaning out of something.
Kanar says that we need to determine what our assumptions are and be
willing to change them. She says we need to predict-that is, we need to
anticipate what is in the reading, ask questions, and have a purpose
when we take notes, read, or study. In addition, Ms. Kanar suggests
that critical thinking involves interpretation. We must look for
evidence, seek patterns and think about implications. Finally, she asks
that we evaluate what we've been looking at. Is this material reliable,
objective or useful?

What it all boils down to is NOT how
smart you are and NOT what your IQ measures. Rather it is your
willingness to be actively engaged in thinking about the world before
you, rather than being asleep as you look out at the vast series of
possibilities that lie before you. Be bold-go out and take it on!!

From University of Saskatchewan, Library Instruction Guide

Critical Thinking Website:

http://www.criticalthinnking.org